God Above the Throne?

Introduction One of the verses of the Qur’an which has caused much controversy is the one reproduced below: الرَّحْمَٰنُ عَلَى الْعَرْشِ اسْتَوَىٰ “The Beneficent Istawa over the throne” (20:5). The crux of the problem is how to interpret the verb underlined. In purely linguistic terms Istiwa can refer to: Settling upon something (الاستقرار والتمكن على … Continue reading God Above the Throne?

Hisham b. al-Hakam on Infallibility

Introduction Were the Imams protected from sin? The common Shi'i position is to affirm their infallibility. How can the infallibility of the Imam be proven?   Hisham's Argumentation One early attempt to ground this doctrine relying solely on logical argument is demonstrated below: حدثنا محمد بن علي ماجيلويه رضي الله عنه قال: حدثنا علي بن … Continue reading Hisham b. al-Hakam on Infallibility

Conquering the Fear of Death

The Way of the Samurai is found in death. Meditation on inevitable death should be performed daily [Hagakure] Most existential thinkers and psychologists agree that at the root of our angst lies the fear of death, that great destroyer which has the potential to crush our sense of self (the ego). If unchecked this fear can metastasize … Continue reading Conquering the Fear of Death