Hisham b. al-Hakam: God is a Body? (III)

وأول من عرف في الإسلام أنه قال إن الله جسم هو هشام بن الحكم The First person in Islam known to have said ‘Allah is a Body’ is Hisham b. al-Hakam [Ibn Taymiyya] اليهود أكثرهم مشبّهة وكان بدء ظهور التّشبيه في الإسلام من الرّوافض مثل هشام بن الحكم The Jews are mostly anthropomorphists. The beginning … Continue reading Hisham b. al-Hakam: God is a Body? (III) →

Hisham b. al-Hakam: Founder of a Theological School (II)

دعا له الصادق عليه السلام فقال: أقول لك ما قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم لحسان: لا تزال مؤيدا بروح القدس ما نصرتنا بلسانك I say to you what the Messenger of Allah said to Hassan b. Thabit: You will never stop being aided by the Holy Spirit so long as you keep … Continue reading Hisham b. al-Hakam: Founder of a Theological School (II) →

Hisham b. al-Hakam: Defender of the Madhhab (I)

ورفعه الصادق عليه السلام في الشيوخ وهو غلام. وقال: هذا ناصرنا بقلبه ولسانه ويده al-Sadiq عليه السلام elevated him to be at par with the elders while he was still a youth. He said: This is our defender by his heart, tongue and hand [Manaqib of Ibn Shahr Ashub]   Biographical Details al-Fadhl b. Shadhan (d. 260) … Continue reading Hisham b. al-Hakam: Defender of the Madhhab (I) →

God Above the Throne?

Introduction One of the verses of the Qur’an which has caused much controversy is the one reproduced below: الرَّحْمَٰنُ عَلَى الْعَرْشِ اسْتَوَىٰ “The Beneficent Istawa over the throne” (20:5). The crux of the problem is how to interpret the verb underlined. In purely linguistic terms Istiwa can refer to: Settling upon something (الاستقرار والتمكن على … Continue reading God Above the Throne? →